Verb — यानी क्रिया। School में सबने पढ़ा: verb = action word। लेकिन क्या आप जानते हैं कि Verbs के 8 अलग-अलग types होते हैं? और अगर आप सिर्फ action verbs जानते हैं तो आप English grammar का सबसे important हिस्सा miss कर रहे हैं। इस article में Verb की complete definition, सभी 8 types, V1 V2 V3 forms, और 100+ examples — सब कुछ हिंदी में।
School में पहले दिन English class में teacher ने बोला: “Verb = Action Word। जो action हो, वो verb।”
और हम सबने यह रट लिया।
लेकिन फिर एक दिन किसी ने पूछा:
“He is sleeping — यहाँ कौन सा action हो रहा है?”
“I think you are right — यहाँ think में क्या action है?”
“She is happy — यहाँ is कैसे verb है?”
और वो पूरी “Verb = Action” वाली theory धड़ाम से गिर गई।
इसीलिए आज Verb को properly समझेंगे — वो 5 गलतफहमियाँ clear करते हुए जो हर Hindi student के मन में होती हैं। साथ में Verb के सभी forms, types, और वो special uses जो grammar book में होते हैं लेकिन कोई ठीक से नहीं बताता।
Verb सिर्फ Action(क्रिया) नहीं दिखाती है,
जैसे –
He is dancing- यहाँ पर Action नज़र आ रहा है
He is singing – यहाँ पर भी Action नज़र आ रहा है |
लेकिन He is sleeping – अब यहाँ पर कहाँ कोई Action हो रहा है क्या, वो सो रहा है, तो यहाँ पर कहाँ एक्शन हो रहा है, here, “sleeping” describes a state, not an active action.
I think (मुझें लगता है) – Think (सोचने) में यहाँ पर कौन सा क्रिया. “Think” here isn’t a physical action but a mental process
He is Happy – यहाँ पर बता किधर एक्शन है | कोई खुश इंसान है, तो उसमें Action कहाँ पर है | यहाँ पर states of being (अवस्था) दिखा रहा है | “is” in “He is happy” describes a state of being – happiness – rather than an action.
ठीक, तो verb केवल Action नहीं दिखाता है, यह states of being (अवस्था), possession, or happenings भी दिखाता है |
Table of Contents
Verb की असली Definition
Verb = वह word जो किसी subject की action, state, event, या possession को describe करे।
सिर्फ “action” नहीं — चार चीज़ें:
Verb किसे describe करती है | Example | Verb |
| Action (क्रिया) | He is dancing. | dancing |
| State (अवस्था) | He is sleeping. | sleeping |
| Mental Process | I think you’re right. | think |
| Being/Existence | She is happy. | is |
और एक important rule: हर sentence में कम से कम एक Verb जरूरी है। Verb के बिना sentence नहीं बनता।
गलतफहमी #1 — “Verb सिर्फ Action दिखाती है”
यह सबसे common और सबसे dangerous गलतफहमी है।
Action verbs: run, jump, eat, dance, write — यहाँ physical action दिखती है।
लेकिन इनको भी देखिए:
| Sentence | Verb | Verb Type |
| He is sleeping. | sleeping | State — सोने में कोई active movement नहीं |
| I think you’re wrong. | think | Mental Process — कोई physical action नहीं |
| She is beautiful. | is | State of Being — existence बता रहा है |
| He seems tired. | seems | Linking Verb — state describe करती है |
| I have a car. | have | Possession — कोई action नहीं |
| The food smells good. | smells | Sensory State — कोई action नहीं |
Conclusion: Verb = Action नहीं। Verb = वो word जो subject के बारे में कुछ बताए — चाहे action हो, state हो, या existence।
गलतफहमी #2 — “Verb को देखकर पहचाना जा सकता है”
क्या “Go” एक Verb है?
जवाब है: context देखे बिना पता नहीं।
| Sentence | “Go” का role | Part of Speech |
| I go to school. | Verb (action) | Verb |
| It’s a go! | Noun | Noun |
| Give it a go! | Noun | Noun |
Rule: कोई भी word अकेले Verb नहीं होता — sentence में उसका role देखकर decide होता है।
यह सिर्फ “Go” के लिए नहीं — “love”, “work”, “run”, “walk” — सब context-dependent हैं।
गलतफहमी #3 — “Verb के सिर्फ 3 Forms होते हैं”
School में V1, V2, V3 पढ़ाया जाता है। लेकिन Verb के actually 5 forms होते हैं:
Verb के 5 Forms — Complete Table
| Form | Name | “Go” | “Eat” | “Write” | Use |
| V1 | Base Form / Simple Present (Plural) | go | eat | write | They go, I eat |
| V2 | Simple Past | went | ate | wrote | He went, She ate |
| V3 | Past Participle | gone | eaten | written | has gone, had eaten |
| V4 | Present Participle | going | eating | writing | is going, was eating |
| V5 | Simple Present (Singular) | goes | eats | writes | He goes, She eats |
एक important observation:
Nouns में: Singular + s/es = Plural (book → books) Verbs में: Opposite है! Verb + s/es = Singular (go → goes for He/She/It)
Common Irregular Verbs — V1, V2, V3
| V1 | V2 | V3 | Meaning |
| go | went | gone | जाना |
| eat | ate | eaten | खाना |
| write | wrote | written | लिखना |
| take | took | taken | लेना |
| see | saw | seen | देखना |
| come | came | come | आना |
| give | gave | given | देना |
| make | made | made | बनाना |
| buy | bought | bought | खरीदना |
| teach | taught | taught | पढ़ाना |
| speak | spoke | spoken | बोलना |
| know | knew | known | जानना |
| run | ran | run | दौड़ना |
| break | broke | broken | तोड़ना |
| begin | began | begun | शुरू करना |
गलतफहमी #4 — “Transitive और Intransitive हमेशा एक जैसे होते हैं”
Transitive Verb क्या है?
Transitive Verb = वह verb जो अपना action आगे किसी object तक पहुँचाती है।
“Transit” का मतलब होता है “To Pass Over” — यानी action pass होता है।
Transitive Verb को हमेशा एक Object चाहिए।
| Sentence | Verb | Object | क्यों Transitive? |
| She ate the mango. | ate | the mango | Object है — किसे खाया? |
| He killed the spider. | killed | the spider | Object है — किसे मारा? |
| I love cricket. | love | cricket | Object है — क्या love करते हैं? |
| She wrote a letter. | wrote | a letter | Object है — क्या लिखा? |
Test: Verb के बाद “किसे?” या “क्या?” पूछो — जवाब मिले → Transitive।
Intransitive Verb क्या है?
Intransitive Verb = वह verb जो अपना action किसी object तक नहीं पहुँचाती।
Object की ज़रूरत नहीं — sentence खुद complete है।
| Sentence | Verb | क्यों Intransitive? |
| He smiled. | smiled | Object नहीं चाहिए — मुस्कुराना किसी पर नहीं |
| She danced. | danced | Object नहीं चाहिए |
| The baby cried. | cried | Object नहीं |
| He sat. | sat | Object नहीं |
He sat — where? (Adverb question है, Object नहीं)
- He sat on the sofa — “on the sofa” = Preposition + Object of Preposition — Verb का object नहीं।
Special Case — Same Verb, दोनों Types
यह सबसे important insight है: ज्यादातर verbs दोनों तरह behave कर सकती हैं।
| Transitive Use | Intransitive Use |
| She runs the company. (चलाती है) | She runs every morning. (दौड़ती है) |
| He ate his lunch. | He ate quickly. |
| I moved the furniture. | The tree moved in the wind. |
Rule: Verb के type को sentence context से decide करते हैं — verb को देखकर नहीं।
गलतफहमी #5 — “Helping Verb और Main Verb अलग नहीं होती”
Auxiliary (Helping) Verb क्या है?
Auxiliary Verb = वह verb जो Main Verb की मदद करती है — tense, mood, या voice बनाने में।
जैसे TV में Cable = Signal पहुँचाने का helper। Auxiliary = Main Verb को complete करने का helper।
Primary Auxiliaries: be (is/am/are/was/were), have (has/had), do (does/did) Modal Auxiliaries: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must
“Have” — Main Verb भी, Auxiliary भी
यह सबसे ज्यादा confuse करता है:
| Sentence | Have का Role | Note |
| I have eaten dinner. | Auxiliary Verb | Main Verb = eaten (V3) |
| I have a car. | Main Verb | Possession बता रहा है |
| He has gone to market. | Auxiliary Verb | Main Verb = gone (V3) |
| She has a problem. | Main Verb | Possession |
| I had eaten dinner. | Auxiliary Verb | Past Perfect |
| I had a bad day. | Main Verb | Experience/Possession |
| I have had dinner. | Both! | “have” = Auxiliary, “had” = Main Verb (V3 of have) |
What is VERB in English Grammar in Hindi | Definition, Forms, V1,V2,V3
Stative vs Non-Stative Verbs — एक Important Distinction
Stative Verbs (Non-Action Verbs)
Stative Verbs = वो verbs जो state/condition बताती हैं — action नहीं।
इन्हें Continuous Tense में use नहीं करते।
| Category | Stative Verbs |
| Mental State | know, believe, think, understand, remember, forget |
| Emotion | love, hate, like, dislike, prefer, fear |
| Possession | have, own, belong, possess |
| Senses | see, hear, smell, taste, feel (involuntary) |
| Being | be, seem, appear, look, sound |
Common Mistakes:
| ❌ Wrong | ✅ Correct |
| I am knowing him. | I know him. |
| She is loving music. | She loves music. |
| He is having a car. | He has a car. |
| I am believing you. | I believe you. |
| She was having many sarees. | She had many sarees. |
Non-Stative Verbs (Action Verbs)
Non-Stative Verbs = जो physical या deliberate action बताते हैं।
- Run, jump, eat, write, speak, play, work, study
इन्हें Simple और Continuous — दोनों में use कर सकते हैं।
Tricky Case — Same Verb, Different Meaning
कुछ verbs Stative भी हो सकती हैं और Non-Stative भी:
| Stative Use | Non-Stative Use |
| I think you’re right. (Mental state) | I am thinking about the problem. (Deliberate process) |
| She has a car. (Possession) | She is having a great time. (Experience) |
| He looks tired. (Appears) | He is looking at me. (Deliberate action) |
Practice Exercise — Verb को Identify करो
नीचे दिए sentences में Verb identify करो और उसका type बताओ:
| # | Sentence | Main Verb | Type |
| 1 | She loves cricket. | loves | Stative, Transitive |
| 2 | He is sleeping. | is sleeping | Linking + State |
| 3 | They attacked the fortress. | attacked | Non-Stative, Transitive |
| 4 | She smiled. | smiled | Non-Stative, Intransitive |
| 5 | I do admit my mistake. | do admit | Emphasis use of “do” |
| 6 | He should study more. | should (Modal) + study (Main) | Modal + Main Verb |
| 7 | She has eaten dinner. | has (Auxiliary) + eaten (Main) | Auxiliary + Main |
| 8 | I know the answer. | know | Stative, Transitive |
50 Common Verbs — V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 Forms with Hindi Meaning
नीचे दिए गए table में 50 सबसे ज़्यादा use होने वाले English verbs के सभी forms दिए गए हैं — V1 (Base Form), V2 (Past Simple), V3 (Past Participle), V4 (Present Participle / -ing form), और V5 (3rd Person Singular) — Hindi meaning के साथ। यह table especially उन students के लिए है जो tenses practice कर रहे हैं या competitive exams की preparation कर रहे हैं।
| # | V1 (Base Form) | V2 (Past Simple) | V3 (Past Participle) | V4 (Present Participle) | V5 (3rd Person) | Hindi Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Go | Went | Gone | Going | Goes | जाना |
| 2 | Come | Came | Come | Coming | Comes | आना |
| 3 | Do | Did | Done | Doing | Does | करना |
| 4 | Make | Made | Made | Making | Makes | बनाना |
| 5 | Get | Got | Got / Gotten | Getting | Gets | पाना / मिलना |
| 6 | Know | Knew | Known | Knowing | Knows | जानना |
| 7 | See | Saw | Seen | Seeing | Sees | देखना |
| 8 | Think | Thought | Thought | Thinking | Thinks | सोचना |
| 9 | Take | Took | Taken | Taking | Takes | लेना |
| 10 | Give | Gave | Given | Giving | Gives | देना |
| 11 | Say | Said | Said | Saying | Says | कहना |
| 12 | Tell | Told | Told | Telling | Tells | बताना |
| 13 | Speak | Spoke | Spoken | Speaking | Speaks | बोलना |
| 14 | Write | Wrote | Written | Writing | Writes | लिखना |
| 15 | Read | Read | Read | Reading | Reads | पढ़ना |
| 16 | Eat | Ate | Eaten | Eating | Eats | खाना |
| 17 | Drink | Drank | Drunk | Drinking | Drinks | पीना |
| 18 | Sleep | Slept | Slept | Sleeping | Sleeps | सोना |
| 19 | Wake | Woke | Woken | Waking | Wakes | जागना |
| 20 | Run | Ran | Run | Running | Runs | दौड़ना |
| 21 | Walk | Walked | Walked | Walking | Walks | चलना |
| 22 | Sit | Sat | Sat | Sitting | Sits | बैठना |
| 23 | Stand | Stood | Stood | Standing | Stands | खड़े होना |
| 24 | Buy | Bought | Bought | Buying | Buys | खरीदना |
| 25 | Sell | Sold | Sold | Selling | Sells | बेचना |
| 26 | Bring | Brought | Brought | Bringing | Brings | लाना |
| 27 | Send | Sent | Sent | Sending | Sends | भेजना |
| 28 | Hear | Heard | Heard | Hearing | Hears | सुनना |
| 29 | Feel | Felt | Felt | Feeling | Feels | महसूस करना |
| 30 | Find | Found | Found | Finding | Finds | ढूंढना / मिलना |
| 31 | Keep | Kept | Kept | Keeping | Keeps | रखना |
| 32 | Leave | Left | Left | Leaving | Leaves | छोड़ना |
| 33 | Meet | Met | Met | Meeting | Meets | मिलना |
| 34 | Pay | Paid | Paid | Paying | Pays | भुगतान करना |
| 35 | Put | Put | Put | Putting | Puts | रखना / डालना |
| 36 | Show | Showed | Shown | Showing | Shows | दिखाना |
| 37 | Teach | Taught | Taught | Teaching | Teaches | पढ़ाना / सिखाना |
| 38 | Learn | Learnt / Learned | Learnt / Learned | Learning | Learns | सीखना |
| 39 | Open | Opened | Opened | Opening | Opens | खोलना |
| 40 | Close | Closed | Closed | Closing | Closes | बंद करना |
| 41 | Ask | Asked | Asked | Asking | Asks | पूछना |
| 42 | Answer | Answered | Answered | Answering | Answers | जवाब देना |
| 43 | Help | Helped | Helped | Helping | Helps | मदद करना |
| 44 | Work | Worked | Worked | Working | Works | काम करना |
| 45 | Play | Played | Played | Playing | Plays | खेलना |
| 46 | Laugh | Laughed | Laughed | Laughing | Laughs | हँसना |
| 47 | Cry | Cried | Cried | Crying | Cries | रोना |
| 48 | Forget | Forgot | Forgotten | Forgetting | Forgets | भूलना |
| 49 | Remember | Remembered | Remembered | Remembering | Remembers | याद करना |
| 50 | Understand | Understood | Understood | Understanding | Understands | समझना |
💡 Pro Tip: ऊपर दिए गए कुछ verbs में V2 और V3 same होते हैं — जैसे Keep → Kept → Kept। इन्हें Irregular Verbs कहते हैं। और कुछ verbs में तीनों forms same होते हैं — जैसे Read → Read → Read (लेकिन pronunciation अलग होता है)।
अगर आपको इन verbs की Marathi Meaning भी चाहिए, तो देखें हमारी → Marathi Verbs List — V1 V2 V3 with Marathi Meaning
अक्सर पूछे जाने वाले सवाल (FAQs)
Verb क्या होती है?
Verb वह word है जो किसी subject की action, state, mental process, या existence को describe करे। हर English sentence में कम से कम एक verb जरूरी है — बिना verb के sentence नहीं बनता।
Verb के कितने forms होते हैं?
Verb के 5 forms होते हैं — V1 (Base/Plural Present), V2 (Simple Past), V3 (Past Participle), V4 (Present Participle), V5 (Singular Present)। जैसे Go → went → gone → going → goes।
Transitive और Intransitive Verb में क्या फर्क है?
Transitive Verb को Object चाहिए — “She ate the mango.” (क्या खाया?) Intransitive Verb को Object नहीं चाहिए — “She smiled.” (किसको? — ज़रूरी नहीं।) ज्यादातर verbs दोनों तरह use हो सकती हैं — context decide करता है।
V1,V2, V3, V4, V5 की पहचान कैसे करें?
Base Form मतलब उसमें कोई changing नहीं तो, वो V1, जैसे Eat, write, फिर second form of verb मतलब past तो ate, wrote, फिर third form मतलब Past Participle, written, eaten, ये होगा, और fourth form of verb मतलब present participle, जिसमें ing लगता हैं, eating, writing, fifth form of verb, means singular verb, जिसमें s,esलगता हैं, तो eats, writes, ऐसे करके v1,v2, v3, v4, v5 की पहचान की जा सकती हैं|
Verb English Grammar का heart है। हर sentence इसी पर टिका है। और अब आप जानते हैं कि:
- Verb सिर्फ action नहीं — state, mental process, existence भी
- Context decide करता है कि कोई word verb है या नहीं
- Verb के 5 forms होते हैं — 3 नहीं
- Transitive/Intransitive context dependent है
- Modal के साथ V1 — हमेशा, बिना exception के
यह 5 गलतफहमियाँ clear होते ही English grammar का एक बड़ा हिस्सा automatically समझ में आने लगता है।
Read this as well
All 12 Tense chart english with Hindi Example
